The role of antioxidants in the food industry. What are antioxidants in simple words

Antioxidants are inhibitors of oxidative processes in the human body, helping to neutralize free radicals and other harmful substances.

Most diseases are caused by free radicals. They cause cancer and heart problems. negative action environment, nutrition, stress increase the number of abnormal molecules. Antioxidants, on the other hand, fight for human health, neutralizing their negative effects.

Antioxidants in the body

People get energy by oxidizing organic compounds in the cell. This process helps:

• maintain a constant body temperature;
• convert amino acids in the body;
• release carbon dioxide;
• deal with toxic and foreign substances.

It would seem, why do we need antioxidants, if everything works. But any mechanism can fail. Chronic diseases, radiation, stress cause the formation of abnormal molecules, which also begin to participate in the processes of cellular respiration.

A small amount of free radicals will not bring harm. But the frantic pace of life, products with "chemistry" on the shelves, powders and cleaning gels poison the human body. The number of harmful compounds is growing, and without “helpers” it can no longer cope.

This is where antioxidants come into play, preventing free radicals from destroying healthy cells and causing the following diseases:

• atherosclerosis,
• heart diseases,
• oncology.

The main antioxidants are:

• glutathione;
• zinc;
• vitamins A, C, E.

The above substances cleanse the body and delay the onset of old age.

The role of antioxidants for humans

Antioxidants begin the fight against free radicals immediately after the birth of a person. In childhood, our defenses are strong, but gradually the level of antioxidant production decreases.

The risk of cardiovascular disease increases, the bones become more fragile, the skin fades. If you start eating foods with antioxidants, the aging process will slow down.
Scientists have found that mice in which the production of antioxidants is increased live longer by 20%. This means that most people would be able to celebrate their century.

Foods with useful substances help a person stay active and healthy longer. They increase life expectancy, reduce the risk of cancer.
They are used in cosmetology, medicine, Food Industry.

What substances are antioxidants

The main vitamin antioxidants include:

1. Tocopherol (Vitamin E). It improves mood, gives strength, heals the lungs and heart, prevents the appearance of cataracts.
2. Retinol (Vitamin A). It is recommended to use together with vitamin E. Improves skin condition, delays the appearance of the first wrinkles, helps eliminate insomnia, destroys viruses and carcinogens.
3. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Increases, protects the body from the action of free radicals, helps nerve cells work.

Minerals guarding longevity and beauty:

• Selenium. Ensures the normal functioning of the liver, lungs, heart.
• Manganese. Improves the absorption of vitamin E and C.
• Zinc. Preserves the genome by protecting it from the action of abnormal molecules.
• Copper. Helps the body resist SARS. Normalizes the processes of oxidation in cells.

Antioxidants - carotenoids include:

• beta carotene. Fights premature aging, protects cells from abnormal chemical compounds.
• lutein. Helps maintain vision longer. Protects eyes from ultraviolet radiation.
• Lipoken. Reduces the risk of oncology.

How Antioxidants Work

Free radicals are molecules with an unpaired electron. They seek to find the missing "particle". As a result, harmful compounds “pull out” the missing electron from the atom of a healthy cell.
The destroyed electron also strives to find a "pair" for itself. It destroys another healthy cell.

The number of free radicals increases at a frantic pace, which affects a person.
Antioxidants donate the missing electron to the abnormal molecule, thereby protecting cells from the destructive process.

What foods contain antioxidants

Some antioxidants are produced by our body on their own, while others are obtained from food. The older we get, the more foods with antioxidants we need to include in the menu.

A person receives natural antioxidants from plant foods:

1. Vitamin C. found in potatoes, citrus fruits, currants, kiwi.
2. Retinol. Contained in animal tissues (fish, liver, seafood).
3. beta carotene. It is found in all orange-colored fruits - peach, pumpkin, apricot, carrots.
4. Selenium. There are many minerals in algae, fish and cereals.
5. Vitamin E. To get it, you should include nuts, liver, cereals in your diet.

Coffee drinkers are in luck. Their favorite drink has an antioxidant effect. You should drink natural coffee without additives. The maximum of useful substances is preserved in freshly ground grains.
A large number of useful substances contain fresh juices. But freshly squeezed juice cannot be stored. Already 15 minutes after cooking, it will lose most of the vitamins.

Antioxidants are natural compounds that help prevent free radical damage to body cells. Antioxidants are found in many fruits, vegetables, drinks and supplements.

Consuming foods rich in antioxidants is extremely important. They help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. The accumulation of these harmful molecules (reactive oxygen species) increases oxidative stress in a living organism. Oxidation leads to a number of chronic diseases, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer.

Foods high in antioxidants are the most common: fresh fruits and vegetables, legumes, nuts, and berries. Healthy foods contain antioxidant vitamins such as A, C and E. Antioxidant activity in food products also dependent on nutrients such as manganese, selenium and other phytochemicals. Their correct balance helps to maintain health throughout life.

There are antioxidant drinks that contain compounds with advanced free radical scavenging activity. For example, green tea or red wine contain antioxidant polyphenols that help prevent damage to cell DNA structure due to oxidation.

In this article, you will learn what antioxidants are and why they are so important to your health. You will also learn about the best antioxidant foods to help you stay healthy.

What are antioxidants, properties, what do they contain?

Antioxidants are various vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals found in plants and some animal products. Antioxidants work by neutralizing the effects of free radicals and are sometimes referred to as "free radical scavengers".

In simple words, antioxidants (they are also antioxidants, preservatives) are substances that suppress the course of physiological and physico-chemical (mainly enzymatic) processes. oxidation in the human body

Doctors say that free radicals occur when oxidation in the body creates unstable molecules. These "free radicals" steal electrons from other molecules, which can damage the DNA of cells. Too many of these unstable reactive molecules in the body can lead to certain chronic diseases that are difficult to treat.

Antioxidants are essential for the proper functioning of the kidneys, liver, and digestive system. Free radical scavengers are also needed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.

The main reason it is important to eat foods rich in antioxidants is that the body cannot produce antioxidant vitamins on its own. It is vital to eat a well-balanced diet that contains antioxidants, which will help maintain the right balance and promote your health.

In this article, you'll learn how scientists measure antioxidant levels in foods.

List of proven antioxidants

Let's take a quick look at the best antioxidants that promote health and improve skin condition. By strengthening the immune system, many of them slow down the transience of the aging process.

1. Antioxidants Beta-carotene

Beta-carotene is an antioxidant pigment that gives many fruits and vegetables their vibrant colors. Beta-carotene promotes health if you get it in your diet. Beta-carotene is converted to vitamin A. Its consumption has been linked to a stronger immune system, good vision, and a lower risk of cancer and heart disease.

2. Vitamin C

One of the most famous antioxidants is vitamin C. It is found in abundance in citrus fruits, sweet peppers, green vegetables, parsley and berries. The antioxidant properties of vitamin C help protect the body from the harmful effects of free radicals. Vitamin C has been linked to a healthy immune system with fewer infections, better vision, improved heart health, and a lower risk of cancer.

3. Vitamin E

Another vitamin with powerful antioxidant activity is. Absolutely all forms of vitamin E help neutralize free radicals. It also relieves and reduces inflammation (the body's natural response to infection or injury). Nuts, seeds and vegetable oils are good sources of vitamin E.

4. Antioxidant Lycopene

Lycopene is an antioxidant found in tomatoes and tomato products. This type of antioxidant is a form of vitamin A that has free radical scavenging properties. A diet rich in lycopene is recommended to improve cardiovascular health. vascular systems and reduce the incidence of cancer.

5. Lutein

Lutein is a carotenoid and one of the antioxidant vitamins that is essential for good vision and to protect against age-related macular degeneration. Research has shown that lutein helps prevent the damaging effects of oxidative stress on the retina. Thus, lutein is the best assistant in protecting against eye diseases.

6. Zeaxanthin

Zeaxanthin is another antioxidant that, along with lutein, helps protect your eyesight from the damage that free radicals can do. Zeaxanthin is also a carotenoid and gives foods like carrots, salmon, and eggs an orange or yellow color.

Lutein and zeaxanthin are relatively polar carotenoid pigments found in parsley, spinach, kale, egg yolk, and lutein-fortified foods. Both have shown several health benefits due to their ability to act as scavengers for reactive oxygen species.

7. Antioxidants and Bioflavonoids

Natural antioxidant substances called bioflavonoids are found in many vegetables, plants, tea and wine. Flavonoids encompass many types of antioxidants, which include phytoestrogens, flavanols, flavones, anthocyanins, catechins, and polyphenols.

Flavonoids have the ability to scavenge free radicals, helping to reduce inflammation, boost cognitive function, keep bones healthy, and improve cardiovascular health.

8. Manganese

9. Selenium

One important antioxidant mineral is selenium. It helps prevent oxidative stress, which can damage DNA in cells. Make sure your diet includes selenium-rich foods such as nuts (pistachios or walnuts), chicken, eggs, and seafood.

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient and its low status in humans is associated with an increased risk of various diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Selenium as an antioxidant can help protect against many chronic diseases.

10. Coenzyme Q10 - Antioxidants against aging

Do you want to be young and healthy? Don't want to get old? You need Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). The fat-soluble substance is an important antioxidant that reduces inflammation and neutralizes free radical activity.

Studies have shown that Coenzyme CoQ10 may be a beneficial antioxidant supplement for better post-surgery recovery. The antioxidant coenzyme is also important for dental health. coenzyme – the most powerful antioxidant, suppliers of coenzyme - seafood. From fish, mackerel, sardine, tuna, herring, and salmon are suitable.

11. Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA)

We close the list of important antioxidants with alpha-lipoic acid. It is found in foods such as spinach, carrots, beets and alpha lipoic acid is a free radical scavenger. Helps protect against neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cataracts and age-related diseases.

Why does the body need antioxidants?

Antioxidant foods are helpful in protecting your health from the negative effects of free radicals. The researchers explain that the accumulation of free radicals can lead to oxidative stress.

Free radicals are a normal component of cellular metabolism. However, environmental factors such as pollution, radiation, and cigarette smoke can exacerbate the problem of oxidative stress.

The benefits of antioxidants are that they help protect the body from premature aging. Antioxidants protect against degenerative and chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress. Reducing free radicals can help prevent diseases such as Alzheimer's, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, cancer, and vision problems.

Let's take a closer look at the benefits you get from a diet rich in antioxidants.

1. Promotes Good Cardiovascular Health

Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that has a number of benefits for the heart and vascular system. A high intake of antioxidant foods rich in vitamin C has been linked to fewer cases of heart disease.

Another way that antioxidants protect heart health is that they help lower blood pressure. Studies have shown that free radical scavengers such as vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, flavonoids, Coenzyme Q10 and alpha lipoic acid have an antihypertensive (blood pressure lowering) effect.

Find out more about foods to include in a heart-healthy diet to reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease and.

2. Antioxidants Boost Cognitive Health

Antioxidant vitamins and minerals are also essential to keep your brain healthy and prevent age-related cognitive diseases. Thought processes, perception, memory, awareness, conception, problem solving, imagination or logic are inconceivable without antioxidants.

Foods rich in antioxidants act as natural antidepressants. For example, replenishing vitamin A, C, and E deficiencies can help relieve symptoms. mental disorders associated with stress. Antioxidant supplements help people manage common panic disorder.

Vitamin-rich foods and antioxidant drinks like green tea can also help improve cognitive health. Carotenoids, flavonoids, and vitamins C and E help promote brain health. There is strong evidence that including antioxidant foods in your daily diet has a positive effect on mental health.

Along with antioxidants that help boost brain performance, you need to increase dopamine. This is a natural way to improve mood and reduce feelings of depression.

3 Antioxidants boost the immune system

Reducing exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) helps reduce the stress they cause on the immune system. This means that a diet rich in antioxidant foods can help prevent or even prevent infection.

A good balance between free radicals and antioxidants will support your body's immune defenses. Antioxidant compounds such as selenium, vitamins C and A, beta-carotene and CoQ10 Coenzyme have strong antioxidant activity.

Getting the right amount of antioxidants is essential for a healthy immune response in the body and for preventing a number of autoimmune conditions. Antioxidants protect cells from damage by limiting the damaging effects of free radicals.

Boosting immunity with the right antioxidants can help prevent cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinson's disease, and other inflammatory conditions.

However, doctors warn of the need to monitor the intake of antioxidant supplements. Excess consumption of antioxidants can have a pro-oxidant effect and cause certain diseases.

4. Help prevent cancer

Because antioxidants kill free radicals and help prevent cell damage, antioxidants are important in protecting us from cancer.

The Cancer Institute reports that free radical activity plays an undeniable role in the development of certain types of cancer. The body uses antioxidants from food sources to neutralize free radicals. Fruits, vegetables and grains are traditionally good antioxidant foods.

For one, there is no strong evidence for the benefits of taking antioxidant supplements in preventing chronic diseases such as cancer. However, there are reports that certain types of antioxidants limit excessive amounts of ROS during chemotherapy. For example, selenium, vitamin C, vitamin E, and carotenoids help slow or prevent the spread of cancer cells.

5. Antioxidants are essential for good vision

Lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, and vitamin A and C are the best antioxidants for preventing oxidative stress-related vision problems.

A 2017 analysis of the role of antioxidants and good vision found that eating antioxidant foods reduced the risk of cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables while limiting red meat has been found to help protect us from age-related vision problems.

The Optometry Association recommends getting 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily to reduce the impact of oxidative stress on vision. In addition, a daily serving of nuts will help you get enough vitamin E antioxidants.

6. Antioxidants reduce the risk of rheumatoid arthritis

Consuming plenty of antioxidant foods helps reduce stress caused by oxidation and may prevent rheumatoid arthritis.

Because antioxidants reduce inflammation by neutralizing reactive oxygen species, they may be helpful in rheumatoid arthritis.

An open-label pilot study in 8 women found that boosting antioxidant levels helped reduce symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. High serum antioxidant levels also helped reduce markers of oxidative stress.

However, the results of a large number of studies have not found an association between a reduced risk of rheumatoid arthritis and an increase in antioxidant intake. The researchers acknowledged that this may be because many other factors are also involved in the development of autoimmune conditions.

7. Promote good liver and kidney health

Increasing the amount of antioxidant-rich foods in your daily diet improves liver and kidney function. Antioxidants are essential to prevent free radicals in the liver from causing oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants help maintain oxidative/antioxidant balance and may prevent or help treat liver disease.

For example, the powerful antioxidant vitamin C can help improve kidney health. This is very important as kidney disease can increase the levels of free radicals in the body. Increasing vitamin C levels when deficient can help repair oxidative damage to the kidneys.

In fact, the role of oxidative stress in liver and kidney disease is extremely complex. However, there is ample evidence that antioxidants play a critical role in maintaining the health of both organs.

One way to prevent an increase in oxidative stress in your body is to avoid bad habits that damage your liver. It is also necessary to include in the diet scientifically proven products for cleansing the liver. Or proven products for improving kidney health.

8. Help skin stay young and healthy longer

One of the health benefits of antioxidants is that they keep your skin healthy and protect against the visible signs of aging.

Free radicals can damage skin cells and collagen structure. This can lead to photoaging, caused by repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation, which causes the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and even skin cancer. Antioxidants such as vitamins A, C and E, as well as Coenzyme and Alpha Lipoic Acid, limit oxidative stress and have many skin benefits.

Increasing your intake of foods rich in antioxidants like vitamin C and E can help protect against sun damage. Diets rich in carotenoids also provide protection against damage skin free radicals.

Antioxidants can help your skin if you suffer from acne. Research has shown that people with acne are often deficient in vitamin A, vitamin E, and selenium. There is evidence that a diet high in antioxidants can help improve skin conditions by relieving acne symptoms.

9. Antioxidants Postpone Age-Related Diseases

Adequate intake of antioxidants in the human diet can help prevent various diseases associated with the aging process.

Eating fruits and vegetables that contain antioxidants can slow down the aging process. Antioxidants, such as polyphenols, may play a role in preventing chronic ailments such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and even cancer.

The reason antioxidants slow down the aging process is because they help limit the effects of free radical activity.

Foods High in Antioxidants

How do you know which foods are packed with antioxidants and if they're good for your health? For this, there are a number of tests that scientists use to determine the antioxidant effect of certain foods.

One way to find out the amount of antioxidants in a food is to check how well a particular food neutralizes free radicals. The ability of the product to reduce the content of iron in plasma is determined.

Antioxidant levels in foods and beverages include a test for oxygen radical absorption or equivalent antioxidant capacity. Generally, a higher score in these tests means a higher antioxidant activity of the food or drink.

Fruits High in Antioxidants

Fresh fruits are an excellent source of antioxidants due to their high vitamin content.

What are the best fruits to eat for boosting antioxidant levels and scavenging free radicals?

1. Citrus

Citrus fruits are high in antioxidants and have a beneficial effect on boosting immunity. Citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges and limes can contain over 170 different types of antioxidants. Vitamin A, vitamin C, flavonoids and limonoids are combined in citrus fruits that are high in antioxidants.

2. Berries

Berries are an excellent source of vitamins such as vitamin C and are therefore powerful antioxidants.

The berries that score the most in the antioxidant content test are chokeberries and blackberries. Other types of berries that are very beneficial for health include blueberries, and blackcurrants.

Vegetables High in Antioxidants

Along with fruits, vegetables are one of the best sources of antioxidants as they contain vitamins, phytochemicals, and bioactive compounds.

Studies have shown that the best representatives of vegetables with the highest content of antioxidants are:

• curly cabbage;
• artichokes;
• red beets and red cabbage.

Signor tomato. Although technically a fruit, it is included in the culinary world as a vegetable. Tomatoes are an important antioxidant as they are a rich source of lycopene. The combination of tomato products with olive oil significantly increases the concentration of antioxidants and therefore the antioxidant activity.

Another important antioxidant vegetable to include in your diet healthy eating are carrots. Carrot is a rich source of beta-carotene and helps increase the level of vitamin A in the body. Also, purple sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes, are rich in antioxidants and contain 2.5 times more antioxidants (anthocyanins) than their counterparts with the pulp we are used to.

Nuts High in Antioxidants

Nuts are an important source of vitamin E and are good for overall health because they also contain healthy fats.

Some of the best nuts to consume with high levels of antioxidants are walnuts, hazelnuts, and almonds. Even modest (who actually is a bean) has a good content of antioxidants.

When it comes to antioxidant concentration scores, pecans get the highest scores for antioxidant capacity. Pecans have the highest content of flavonoids in nuts - 34 mg per 100 g.

Brazil nuts are also important antioxidants as they are the best source of the antioxidant selenium. In fact, just one Brazil nut gives you more than enough of your daily selenium requirement.

Legumes High in Antioxidants

Foods such as peas, beans and lentils are very healthy because they contain antioxidants and a lot of fiber.

Research has found that the legumes that score the highest in antioxidant content tests tend to be darker in color. Thus, lentils, black peas, red beans are the best legumes. For their good antioxidant activity, we put them on the podium.

The best way to benefit from the antioxidants in legumes is to consume sprouted peas or beans. Sprouted grains contain many types of antioxidants that are good for your health.

Antioxidant drinks

Including antioxidant-rich drinks in your diet is another great way to improve your health and prevent various diseases.

1. Green tea

One of the best and healthiest antioxidant drinks is green tea. Green tea contains more antioxidants than black or the famous oolong and. The powerful, radical scavenging activity of green tea is due to beneficial catechin compounds.

Green tea is also good to drink if you want to limit the harm that free radical oxygen species can do to dental health. We recommend buying green tea powder as a natural supplement that will help boost your immune system.

2. Red wine is a popular antioxidant

Immediately make a reservation, we are talking about the minimum portions. If you drink red wine in moderation, then yes, it is an antioxidant drink that is good for your heart health.

Studies have shown that red wine is a powerful antioxidant drink due to its high levels of polyphenols, resveratrol and quercetin. Half a cup - 100 grams of red wine can help reduce oxidative stress and reduce inflammation in the body.

100 ml of red wine contains an average of 2.5 mmol of antioxidants, which puts red wine in the list of the best antioxidant drinks. However, white wine and grape juice are also drinks with good levels of antioxidants.

3. Pomegranate juice

The best non-alcoholic antioxidant drink is pomegranate juice. Scores highest in tests for antioxidant levels. In fact, it has been established that the content of antioxidants in pomegranate juice is comparable to the unique breast milk mother.

antioxidant plants

One way to increase the antioxidant content of the meals you cook is by adding certain herbs and spices. Especially those that have proven themselves in the analysis of the quantitative antioxidant composition.

1. Turmeric Antioxidants

The antioxidant curcumin in turmeric gives this spice its vibrant color and health benefits. Turmeric helps protect cells from DNA damage and has an anti-inflammatory effect on the body. Taking curcumin may help prevent inflammatory and oxidative diseases.

2. Ginger Antioxidants

Ginger contains gingerols, which have powerful antioxidant potential to help keep you healthy. Including ginger in a nutritious diet can increase antioxidant enzymes and help reduce inflammation. In fact, studies have shown that ginger is just as good as vitamin C due to its antioxidant potential.

Dried ginger contains up to 24 mmol of antioxidants per 100 g of powder.

3. Cinnamon Antioxidants

Cinnamon contains a number of antioxidants that help reduce the effects of oxidation.

The antioxidant concentration for cinnamon is quite impressive, with up to 140 mmol of antioxidants for every 100 grams of dried cinnamon.

Other herbs with good antioxidant activity include cloves, oregano, rosemary, and mint.

Dark chocolate

Dark chocolate is a good source of antioxidants. The treat is good for the cardiovascular system and has other scientifically proven health benefits.

Studies using antioxidant content analysis have shown that dark chocolate contains up to 15 mmol per 100 g. This means that dark chocolate has better antioxidant activity than even some berries and fresh fruits.

How Cooking Affects Antioxidants

Cooking methods affect the total antioxidant capacity (AC) of vegetables that are typically cooked before consumption.

Boiling tended to lead to positive changes in AS, while frying in a pan had an overall negative effect on AS. However, deep frying paradoxically led to an increase in the antioxidant capacity of potatoes, artichoke and eggplant, but to a decrease in AS in mushrooms and . Anyway, heat leads to the loss of some nutrients.

For example: cooked, pureed carrots contain more phenolic acids and total carotenoids than raw carrot. But as for vitamin C, which is sensitive to heat, its sharp decrease is noticeable.

Antioxidants - harm, risks and side effects

When it comes to improving health by increasing antioxidants, it's good to remember that more doesn't always mean better.

In general, you should be getting enough antioxidants to good health through a healthy diet. You should try to consume enough food rich in antioxidants. This means eating lots of fruits and vegetables every day.

But be careful with chemical additives. It is important to remember that taking too many antioxidant supplements can have a negative impact on your health.

Taking plenty of antioxidants like vitamin A, E, and beta-carotene can exacerbate oxidative stress in your body.

The mention of antioxidants as very useful, necessary for human body substances are not uncommon in our time. However, not everyone knows what antioxidants are, where to find them and what they are for.

What are antioxidants for?

The human body is constantly affected external factors. Substances that catalyze oxidative reactions in cells, or are directly involved in them, enter the body from polluted air, water, with chemical food additives, with an excess of ultraviolet radiation.

Free radicals are molecules capable of entering into chemical reactions that lead to a violation of the duplication of genetic information, leading to the growth of tumors, premature aging of cells, and a decrease in the body's immune responses. Under the action of free radicals, the synthesis of hormones and enzymes is disrupted, and pathological reproduction of viruses and pathogenic flora occurs.

To neutralize free radicals, substances are needed that can bind to them to form compounds that are beneficial to the body. These substances are antioxidants.

Antioxidants - what are they and how do they work?

An antioxidant has a free electron in its molecule, which is so necessary for an oxidizing agent. When interacting, neutralization occurs, the cells are safe, and the risk of developing unwanted chemical processes is reduced.

• Antioxidants are needed for skin that has been exposed to the sun for a long time. The action of ultraviolet radiation in large quantities has been confirmed by studies: in addition to photoaging, the risk of melanoma, a skin cancer, increases significantly.
• Reduces the risk of developing inflammatory reactions in the body;
• The probability of violations in the fetus during the development of pregnancy is significantly reduced.

Where to find antioxidants

Products

Most substances, including antioxidants, enter the body with food. And since we are what we eat, it is worth reviewing your diet and diversifying it with useful and delicious products:

1. Vegetables - beans, carrots, spinach, artichokes, potatoes, sweet, peppers, cabbage;
2. Fruits and berries - apples, black currants, strawberries, cranberries, prunes, wild roses, apricots;
3. Seafood;
4. Milk

Natural plant antioxidants help maintain beauty and youth, are good for the skin and prevent the development of cancer of the internal organs. Vegetables and fruits are a source of vitamins A and C, fish and seafood are rich in vitamin E, unsaturated fatty acids.

However, unbalanced nutrition, snacking on the run, fast food, coffee abuse nullify attempts to provide the body with vitamins and minerals. In this case, to maintain health, you need special complexes that can be purchased at a pharmacy.

Some of them, for example, Alfavit, are designed in such a way that vitamins and minerals that interfere with each other "work" enter the cells at different times of the day and are absorbed by the body as fully as possible.

The pharmaceutical industry also produces special antioxidant complexes:

• Complivit Radiance "Youth Antioxidants" contains lycopene (protects skin cells from UV rays, slows down aging, regulates pigmentation), resveratrol (increases skin tone and elasticity), hydroxytyrosol (slows down skin aging).
• Vitrum Antioxidant contains vitamins A, C, E, zinc, manganese, selenium.

Preparations

Among the drugs, lipin, coenzyme and glutargin can be noted, which have antioxidant activity and are prescribed for diseases of the liver, blood circulation, decreased functions immune system. Treatment with medicines should be prescribed by a doctor.

Antioxidants and cosmetics

It is very important for women to preserve the beauty of the skin, to feel attractive and young at any age. The topic of antioxidants could not but touch on cosmetology - their use in the production of creams, serums, and other care products has become commonplace.

• Librederm vitamin E antioxidant contains, as stated in the name, tocopherol and lecithin, which protect and restore skin cells;
• Face and body products, which include olive oil, jojoba, have a pronounced antioxidant effect.

When choosing a care product, it is important to pay attention to the concentration of the antioxidant substance in it. Ascorbic acid should be at least 15%, and only serum can “afford” such a content. A high concentration of vitamins A and C in one remedy can provoke a backlash, worsen the condition of the skin, and tocopherol in an increased dosage affects the production of hormones and is more harmful than useful.

When choosing both vitamin preparations and cosmetics, you need to focus not on customer reviews on the Internet, but on the recommendations of a specialist.

The use of antioxidants in medicine

In medicine, drugs and vitamin complexes with antioxidants are used to improve immunity, prevent colds and infectious diseases, normalization of the liver and kidneys as part of complex therapy, in the treatment of oncology.

In each case, the appointment must be made by a doctor. It is not worth waiting for miracles from drugs, it is important to adjust the daily routine, sleep and nutrition, give up bad habits, and avoid stress. And drugs with antioxidants, cosmetics - help the body, but by no means a panacea.

However, few people know what they are, how they work and what they are for.

This article tells you everything you need to know about antioxidants.

Antioxidants - what is it in simple words, what products contain and what are they for?

What are antioxidants?

Antioxidants are molecules that fight free radicals in your body.

Free radicals are compounds that can cause harm if their levels in the body become too high. They are associated with numerous diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, and cancer.

Your body has its own antioxidant defenses to keep free radical levels in check.

However, antioxidants are also found in foods, especially fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods. Some vitamins, such as vitamins E and C, are effective antioxidants.

Antioxidant preservatives also play an important role in food production by extending shelf life.

Summary:

Antioxidants are molecules that neutralize free radicals, unstable molecules that can harm your cells.

How free radicals function

Free radicals are constantly being formed in your body.

Without antioxidants, free radicals will cause serious damage very quickly, eventually leading to death.

However, free radicals also perform important functions necessary for health ().

For example, your immune cells use free radicals to fight infections ().

As a result, your body needs to maintain a certain balance of free radicals and antioxidants.

When free radicals outnumber antioxidants, it can lead to a condition called oxidative stress.

Long-term oxidative stress can damage your DNA and other important molecules in your body. Sometimes it even leads to cell death.

Damage to your DNA increases your risk of cancer, and some scientists suggest it plays a key role in the aging process ( , ).

Several lifestyle factors, stress, and environmental pollution are known to contribute to excessive free radical production and oxidative stress, including:

• air pollution
• cigarette smoke
• alcohol consumption
• toxins
• high level blood sugar ( , )
• high consumption ()
• radiation, including excessive sunbathing
• bacterial, fungal or viral infections
• excessive intake of iron, copper or zinc ()
• too much or too little oxygen in your body ()
• intense and prolonged workouts that cause tissue damage ()
• excessive consumption of antioxidants such as vitamins C and E ()
• antioxidant deficiency ()

Prolonged oxidative stress leads to increased risk negative consequences for health, such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer.

Summary:

Your body must maintain a certain balance between free radicals and antioxidants. When this balance is disturbed, it can lead to oxidative stress.

Antioxidants in food

Antioxidants are essential for the survival of all living things.

Your body produces its own antioxidants, such as cellular antioxidant.

Plants and animals, like all other life forms, have their own defenses against free radicals and oxidative damage.

Therefore, antioxidants are found in all whole foods of plant and animal origin.

Adequate intake of antioxidants is essential. In fact, your life depends on the intake of certain antioxidants, namely vitamins C and E.

However, many other antioxidants are also found in food. Although they are not needed by your body, they play an important role in overall health.

The health benefits associated with a plant-rich diet are partly due to the variety of antioxidants it contains ().

According to some studies, coffee is the single most significant source of antioxidants in the Western diet, but this is partly because the average person doesn't eat a lot of other antioxidant-rich foods ( , ).

Meat products and fish also contain antioxidants, but to a lesser extent than fruits and vegetables (,).

Antioxidants can increase the shelf life of both natural and processed foods. Therefore, they are often used as food additives. For example, it is often added to processed foods as a preservative ().

Summary:

Your diet is an important source of antioxidants found in animal and plant foods, especially vegetables, fruits and berries.

Types of Dietary Antioxidants

Antioxidants can be classified as either water soluble or fat soluble.

Water-soluble antioxidants perform their actions in the fluid inside and outside of cells, while fat-soluble antioxidants act predominantly on cell membranes.

Important dietary antioxidants include:

• VitaminC. This water-soluble antioxidant is an important dietary nutrient.
• VitaminE. This fat-soluble antioxidant plays an important role in protecting cell membranes from oxidative damage.
• Flavonoids. This group of plant antioxidants has many health benefits ().

Many of the substances that turn out to be antioxidants also have other important functions.

Notable examples include curcuminoids in turmeric and oleocanthal in . These substances act as antioxidants, but also have powerful anti-inflammatory activity (,).

Summary:

Many types of antioxidants are found in foods, including flavonoids and vitamins C and E.

Should You Take Antioxidant Supplements?

Getting antioxidants from your diet is essential for optimal health, but more isn't always better.

Excessive consumption of isolated antioxidants can have toxic effects and even cause, rather than prevent, oxidative damage—a phenomenon called the “antioxidant paradox” ( , ).

Some studies even show that high doses of antioxidants increase the risk of death ( , ).

For this reason, most doctors advise people to avoid high-dose antioxidant supplements, although more research is needed to draw firm conclusions.

Eating plenty of antioxidant-rich foods is much more beneficial. best idea. Studies show that foods reduce oxidative damage to a greater extent than supplements.

For example, one study compared the effects of drinking orange juice and sugar water, both of which contained equal amounts of vitamin C. The juice was found to have a significantly greater antioxidant capacity ().

These results show that the food compounds work synergistically. Taking just one or two isolated nutrients will not have the same beneficial effects.

The best strategy to ensure adequate intake of antioxidants is to eat a diet rich in various vegetables and fruits, along with others. healthy habits ().

However, low-dose supplements such as multivitamins can be helpful if you are deficient in certain nutrients or cannot follow a healthy diet.

Summary:

Studies show that regular consumption of high doses of antioxidants can be harmful. Get your daily dose of antioxidants from whole foods, such as fruits and vegetables, whenever possible.

Summarize

• Adequate intake of antioxidants is essential for your body's health, although some research suggests that high doses of supplements can be harmful.
• The best strategy is to get your daily dose of antioxidants from healthy plant foods like fruits and vegetables.

Antioxidants are substances that help prevent cell damage due to the oxidative process. Every day, the human body consumes oxygen, as a result of which oxidation occurs. chemical elements and converting them into free radicals. There is an increase in their negative influence due to sunlight, bad habits, bad ecology. To restore cells and prevent the development of many diseases, antioxidants are used in natural or synthetic form.

In the human body every second there is a huge number of physiological processes. One of their main sources is oxygen, which is involved in oxidative processes in tissues. The resulting energy is responsible for biological combustion. Oxidants neutralize bad toxins, keep internal organs healthy and help the body cope with stress. The situation worsens when a given element approaches a critical point.

Free radicals enter cells, destroying them. The process leads to premature aging, problems with the cardiovascular and digestive systems, development. Antioxidants will help restore the natural balance, preventing the formation of harmful molecules. Internal reserves may not be enough, so you have to take additional drugs or foods high in antioxidants.

Antioxidants are synthetic or natural substances that protect body cells from the negative effects of free radicals, they are also called antioxidants. The normalization of the work of the organs contributes to the reduction of active oxygen. Similar compounds (antioxidants) are associated with hydroperoxides and beneficial atoms block the catalysts.

The action of antioxidants:

• increase in overall stress resistance;
• acceleration of cellular recovery after injuries;
• reducing the likelihood of developing cancer, cardiovascular and other diseases;
• strengthening protective functions;
• protecting the body from harmful radiation.

Antioxidants are necessary for a person for the full functioning of all organs and systems of the body and for protection against free radicals.

Functions of Antioxidants in the Body

The main function of antioxidants is to protect the human body from excess free radicals.

Free radicals are molecules and atoms that form themselves at the expense of "donors", turning other atoms and molecules into new free radicals. Such a chain reaction leads to the destruction of cells, as a result of which chronic diseases develop and the aging process accelerates. For the full functioning of the body, free radicals are necessary, only their imbalance is harmful. Antioxidants act as "donors" without further conversion into free radicals. There are two types of free radicals - reactive nitrogen and reactive oxygen.

Causes of free radicals in the body:

• bad habits;
• bad ecology;
• radioactive radiation;
• taking medications;
• excess ultraviolet.

According to statistics from the Research Institute of Food Hygiene, half of the people suffer from a lack of vitamin A and 85% of the population does not have enough minerals and ascorbic acid in the body. The reason for this is physical and moral exhaustion, which increases the burning of nutrients. Unbalanced nutrition, stress, environmental degradation are also negative factors for a person.

The benefits and harms of antioxidants

Antioxidants are a kind of donors that stop the formation of free radicals by donating their electrons. As a result, the oxidative process is reduced or completely suppressed. The first scientist to prove the possibility of life extension by antioxidants was Denham Harman.

Here are the main benefits of antioxidants:

• body detoxification;
• preservation of vision;
• reducing the risk of developing cancer;
• support of organism in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's diseases;
• prevention of heart failure, stroke.

Slowing down aging is a way to protect the cells of all organs and systems from the harmful effects of free radicals.

Uncontrolled use of antioxidants can harm the human body. Excess substances cause such conditions:

• hypervitaminosis;
• nausea;
• headache;
• skin irritation;
• decreased immunity;
• muscle and joint pain;
• violation of the menstrual cycle;
• vision problems;
• increased intracranial pressure;
• metastases in the presence of a tumor.

An excess, as well as a lack of useful components in the body, including antioxidants, leads to serious consequences.

anti aging antioxidants

Cosmetology is developing rapidly, releasing new products every year to prolong youth. On the this moment There is no universal antioxidant, but to improve the effect, it is worth choosing products with several antioxidants. For example, the combination of vitamins E and C works better than separately. Substances in cosmetics slow down skin aging and help other active ingredients retain their properties. The positive effect of the use of antioxidants in the fight against aging has been proven, but you should not rely on them alone. Aging skin needs products that include collagen and antioxidants.

Benefits of Antioxidants for Athletes

A huge impact on the human body is influenced by negative factors. When tissues are destroyed by free radicals, many toxins are formed, only antioxidants fight them. These substances can reduce muscle fatigue, allowing faster recovery after physical exertion. Antioxidants are indispensable for athletes, they protect the body from stress due to increased training. Additionally, antioxidants maintain health and youth.

Antioxidants for children

The lack of nutrients that have an antioxidant effect reduces the resistance of the child's body to various infections and viruses. Many diseases occur against the background of a violation of the functionality of biological membranes that are destroyed by free radicals due to the lack of antioxidants.

Important! In children, the mechanisms of antioxidant protection are unstable, therefore, for the full development of the child, vitamins A and E, which are antioxidants, are needed.

The diet should include all the necessary substances, especially in unfavorable environmental conditions, unbalanced nutrition, frequent colds.

Varieties of antioxidants

Conventionally, antioxidants are divided into two types - synthetic and natural. Natural antioxidants include:

• low molecular weight compounds (micro-, macroelements, vitamins);
• enzymatic antioxidants (enzymes);
• hormones produced by the human body by endocrine glands.

Synthetic antioxidants are derivatives of phenols. These include esters of gallic acid. These are vitamins that are developed and synthesized in the laboratory. The chemical origin helps to make the most active form of the component with the maximum concentration.

The most effective antioxidants that fight free radicals:

• vitamins A, B, C and E;
• resveratrol;
• unsaturated fatty acids Omega 3 and 6;
• superoxide dismutase;
• milk serum;
• coenzyme Q10.

Other beneficial antioxidants include plant extracts, including ginkgo biloba, pine bark, and green tea.

There are primary and secondary types of antioxidants based on their antioxidant protection. The primary form turns free radicals into passive and safe for the human body. Secondary antioxidants consist of vitamins that eliminate harmful components and prevent the formation of new ones.

There are a huge number of different multivitamin complexes containing antioxidants. These include:

Vitamin C. The most powerful and necessary antioxidant for the human body. It is found in almost all fruits and vegetables. The substance helps to strengthen protective functions, fights colds, cleanses blood vessels, and reduces the level of bad cholesterol. Ascorbic acid activates the production of collagen and improves the functioning of the cardiovascular system. This is a real champion in the neutralization of free radicals, so vitamin C must be taken daily.

Selenium. When ingested, this substance reacts with heavy metals, removing them from the body later. The selenium complex with vitamins E and C strengthens the nervous system, removes depression and increases resistance to stress. The substance is necessary for the full functioning of the whole organism, especially the heart, brain and digestive tract. Additionally, selenium reduces the negative effects of radioactive radiation.

Vitamin E. Another powerful antioxidant that improves overall health, preserves youth and strengthens the nervous system. The best result is observed in the fair sex, because the substance has a positive effect on the reproductive function of women. Research data confirm that regular intake of vitamin E in an individual dosage reduces the likelihood of developing cancer by 3 times.

Carotene. The antioxidant shows good results, restoring the body from the negative effects of free radicals. The component strengthens the immune system, protects DNA from various pathologies, and reduces the harmful effects of the environment. Regular intake of carotene reduces the risk of developing cancer of the skin, bladder, intestines and uterus.

Zinc. The antioxidant is part of the superoxide dismutase enzyme. The substance improves the absorption of vitamin A and stabilizes the level of vitamin E in the body. The mineral enhances immunity and normalizes the functions of the glands, including the genitals.

Melatonin. The hormone is produced by the pineal gland, which is located in the brain. This antioxidant is valuable because it is able to penetrate into any part of the body. The substance helps to repair DNA in case of damage. The production of melatonin is promoted by vitamins B6 and B12, protein and acetyl-carnitine. The development of the component is prevented by lack of sleep, the use of alcoholic beverages, and constant exposure to light.

Natural antioxidants are much more effective than chemicals of chemical origin. But getting the required dosage in winter is very difficult, so multivitamin complexes help maintain health and youthful appearance.

How many antioxidants does the body need

After eating a meal, antioxidant protection drops sharply, because reactive oxygen species are formed during the assimilation of food. Therefore, antioxidants must be supplied to the body constantly, and their amount depends on the overall diet and the number of calories consumed. Professor Ronald Prior presented a scheme according to which his daily intake of antioxidants is selected:

• 500 kcal - 2.5 mmol;
• 1000 kcal - 4.5 mmol;
• 1500 kcal - 6.5 mmol;
• 2000 kcal - 9 mmol;
• 2500 kcal - 11 mmol.

You need to focus on your own calorie intake. Women consume approximately 1800 kcal per day, and men - 2500 kcal. Therefore, the strong half needs about 11 mmol of antioxidants, while the fairer sex needs 8 mmol.

The body needs higher doses of antioxidants during physical exertion, bad habits, and bad ecology. But uncontrolled intake of supplements can lead to a stroke and provoke prostate and lung cancer. You can not take only one type of actio-oxidant, only a combination of substances will benefit.

Foods that are rich in antioxidants

To prevent cell destruction, you need to eat foods that are high in antioxidants.

First, consider fruits and berries:

And here are some useful vegetables for the human body and its cells with a lot of antioxidants:

kale consists of flavonoids such as kaempferol and quercenin, which are irreplaceable in cancer;

spinach is a great source of beta-carotene and lutein, which help maintain healthy vision and protect against heart disease;

broccoli is indole-3-carbidol, which improves the condition of the liver and prevents cancer of the cervix, breast and prostate;

Brussels sprouts contains Vitamin A, C, isothiocyanates that protect genes from damage;

beets in combination with other antioxidants prevent the development of cancer and maintain eye health.

The list of vegetables in which antioxidants are found in large quantities includes:

• bell pepper;
• alfalfa seedlings;
• corn;
• eggplant.

It is also worth considering which nuts and dried fruits contain a large amount of antioxidants:

Raisin. The composition of the product additionally includes anthocyanins, which help maintain the health of the skeletal system.

Prunes. Dried plums are a source of antioxidants and fiber, they should be consumed as a prevention of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and breast cancer.

Dates. The product contains B-carotene, zeaxanthin, lutein, vitamin A, tannins. It has anti-infective, anti-hemorrhagic and anti-inflammatory properties.

Almond. Nuts reduce the risk of developing cataracts and other eye diseases. The composition includes vitamin E, gamma-tocopherol, isorhamnetin, kaemferol, quercetin, these components fight skin cancer.

Cashew nuts. useful product contains zeaxanthin, lutein, eliminates free radicals and improves bone health. In addition to this list include dried apricots, figs, pistachios, walnuts, peanut. It is necessary to eat nuts regularly, but in small quantities due to their high calorie content.

How cooking affects the presence of antioxidants in it

Products lose their useful components by 30% when stored in the refrigerator and by 50% at room temperature. Also, vitamins are destroyed by sunlight. Greens, green onions, spinach are especially sensitive to light.

Some foods should not be left in the air for a long time, because they begin to deteriorate when exposed to oxygen. This category can include vegetable oil.

Meat, fruits and vegetables must be washed under running water. Soaking is allowed for a maximum of 10 minutes in case of heavy contamination in a small amount of liquid. If this rule is not followed, sugar, minerals and vitamins will remain in the water. The greatest amount of nutrients is under the peel, so it should be cut very thinly. Foods are cut before they are lowered into the pan in order to avoid the occurrence of an oxidative process. For this reason, salads are dressed with oil just before serving.

Frying is the most traumatic method of food processing, because high temperature destroys vitamins and leads to fat oxidation. The best cooking methods are baking in the oven and steaming. Cooking takes less time due to the absence of oxygen and high pressure. Cooking food should be short. Vegetables should be dipped in boiling water to eliminate the enzymes that destroy vitamin C. Ascorbic acid can be saved by adding dressings, salt, and acids to food.

Try to keep antioxidants in your food to get the most benefit from it.

What Antioxidants Can't Be Without?

The optimal result for the human body will bring a wide variety of antioxidant substances. One of these is glutathione, which is a peptide. It enhances the effect of other antioxidants that enter the body with foods or vitamin complexes. Glutathione protects cells from mitochondria.

Other antioxidants necessary for a person for a full existence:

Alpha Lipoic Acid. The substance enhances the action of some cells in the presence of an inflammatory process in the body. Effectively and quickly removes toxins and heavy metals from the body. The only antioxidant that can enter the brain.

Resveratrol. Establishes a blood-brain barrier. The substance protects the nervous system and brain. Additionally, it lowers blood pressure and prevents the spread of cancer cells.

Ubiquinone. The component stimulates the production of energy by cells, strengthens the immune, cardiovascular systems, and prevents rapid aging.

Carotenoids. This type There are many varieties of antioxidants, ten of which each person has.

These are the main antioxidants that help all organs and systems work in intensive mode.

Antioxidants in medicine

Antioxidants are used as an adjunct to the main treatment. The biochemistry of antioxidants allows them to be used in the treatment of various diseases. Tocopherols and carotenes protect cells from the negative effects of free radicals. Mexidol improves metabolism in the tissues of the nervous system, improves blood circulation. This helps to cope with diseases against the background of age-related changes.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) keeps nerve and muscle tissue from harmful compounds. Ubiquinone helps build muscle mass. The function of antioxidants and the action of reactive oxygen species allows scientists to assume that the mechanism in the future can be used to extend life. At the moment, there are no methods to radically increase the time allotted to a person.

Antioxidants in cosmetology

In cosmetics, antioxidants are added in combination. The larger the composition, the faster it will cope with free radicals. All components help each other to be synthesized and restored. The most commonly added antioxidants to cosmetics are:

Vitamin C. Increases collagen production, reduces inflammation, protects from the sun, strengthens the skin's natural barrier.

Raises the tone and immunity of the dermis, participates in the recovery processes.

It is used in anti-aging preparations, improves cellular metabolism, relieves peeling and redness, is found under the names like retinol and retinoic acid.

Selenium. It is part of glutathione peroxidase, improves the absorption of vitamin E, moisturizes the skin.

Coenzyme Q10. The fat-soluble compound dissolves under the influence of ultraviolet rays, reduces skin damage from the sun and activates collagen production.

Vitamin F. Improves the condition of a fading and dry dermis, restores the hydro-lipid balance.

Vitamin K. Eliminates pigmentation, dilated blood vessels on the surface of the skin.

Additionally, in the production of cosmetics, the following components with an antioxidant effect are used:

grape seed extract contains polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, which have anti-aging properties and reduce the damaging effects of the sun;

carotenoids accelerate wound healing, eliminate peeling and dryness of the skin, protect from ultraviolet radiation;

witch hazel consists of concentrated tannins that have an anti-inflammatory and astringent effect;

bioflavonoids are plant polyphenols that are structurally similar to human estrogen;

green tea reduces the risk of skin damage at the DNA level from reactive oxygen species radicals and prevents the destruction of collagen;

superoxide dismutase neutralizes free radicals; in cosmetic products, the enzyme is used of plant, microbial and animal origin;

ginkgo biloba strengthens blood vessels, reduces inflammation, enhances collagen synthesis and protects against elastin destruction.

The protein glutathione is sometimes added to cosmetics, these are antioxidants that effectively fight free radicals and keep cells healthy after sun exposure.

Antioxidants in industry

Antioxidants are widely used in the food industry. Intracellular processes lead to spoilage of products, discoloration of polymers, a decrease in their strength, the formation of acids, etc. To increase the stability of food that contains vitamins and fats, natural (vitamin E) and synthetic (dodecyl, propyl esters) antioxidants are used.

There are several antioxidants in the form of dietary supplements used in industry:

Pectin. Substances are part of some algae and all land plants. They increase the stability of berries, fruits and vegetables during storage, prevent premature drought of plants. Pectin is a purified polysaccharide that facilitates the filtration process and is a thickener and stabilizer.
Pectin is used in the production of jelly products, sweets, ice cream, desserts, dairy products, fruit fillings. Also, the substance is important in the manufacture of jam, marshmallow, ketchup, mayonnaise, marmalade and jam. Pectin is used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Registered as additive E440.

Lemon acid. It is a white crystalline substance, sparingly soluble in ethereal alcohol and highly soluble in water. Propantricarboxylic acid takes part in the biochemical reactions of various organisms. Included in the Chinese magnolia vine, shag stem, needles, citrus fruits, berries, unripe lemons. Sodium citrate and acid are widely used in the beverage industry as a flavoring agent. Registered as additive E330.

Dihydroquercetin. The flavonoid is extracted from wood. The substance is presented in the form of a yellow finely crystalline powder. It is used as an antioxidant for fat-containing products, increasing its shelf life several times.

Antioxidants are used in industry to improve the stability of foods containing vitamins and fats. it lemon acid, vitamin E, etc. Some of the substances are very useful for the human body, having a pronounced restorative property.

Preparations with antioxidants

Medicines containing antioxidants are very common and very popular. Among the huge list of such drugs, it is worth highlighting the most popular:

Vitrum Superstress Plus. The product is a dietary supplement produced by the Japanese company Takeda. Contains all the necessary components for the body.

Active Antistress Doppelhertz. The drug allows you to fill the lack of vitamins, improves metabolism, strengthens the nervous system and increases the body's resistance to stress.

Radiance Complivit. Women prefer to take youthful antioxidants that improve skin condition and fight the signs and effects of aging.

Antioxidant NSP. The product has the characteristic properties of this type of preparation, but it contains more natural ingredients.

Medications and dietary supplements, which include antioxidants, are selected only by the attending physician, who will set the individual dosage.

Astaxanthin is a powerful antioxidant, it is part of most vitamin complexes. The substance is able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, having a pronounced effect on the entire body. The action of astaxanthin:

improvement in the state of vision, a decrease in the severity of age-related changes, an increase in visual acuity;

protection of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, normalization of metabolism, strengthening of organ tissues, reducing the impact of negative factors;

improving the condition of the skin from ultraviolet rays, preventing dryness and loss of elasticity.

Astaxanthin is a part of dietary supplements as in pure form and in combination with other substances.

Why don't antioxidants always work?

Natural antioxidants, which are found in vegetables and fruits, always have a positive effect on the human body. But dietary supplements do not always cope with their task. Antioxidants in drugs and foods can work differently due to their different chemical structures. For example, tocopherol (vitamin E) is found in 8 different forms in foods and one in supplements. Dietary supplements do not act instantly, so for a long-term and lasting result, you will have to take capsules for a long time.

Why are free radicals dangerous?

Free radical molecules need one or more electrons. To make up for this loss, they aggressively destroy healthy molecules, which sets off a chain reaction. This is an oxidative process or, as it is also called, biological "rusting". Basically, free radicals accumulate in cell membranes, which become leaky and brittle. As a result, the cells of the human body are destroyed and die. Then tissue damage occurs, premature and accelerated aging, and a decrease in protective functions. Against the background of the negative effects of free radicals, the risk of developing diseases of the heart, eyes, diseases and atherosclerosis, etc., increases.

Antioxidants: How to get the maximum effect?

It is worth remembering that supplements cannot completely replace natural antioxidants, especially with an unbalanced diet and an unhealthy lifestyle. Smoking and drinking only exacerbate the situation and activate the formation of free radicals. To improve the condition of body cells and prevent premature aging, it is recommended to follow some rules:

To stay healthy for a longer period, it is worth breathing more clean air, using chemicals to a minimum, and not abusing medicines.

Antioxidants: scientific research

To date, there is no complete confirmation of the effectiveness of antioxidants in the fight against heart disease and malignant tumors. Some data indicate positive changes when taking drugs, while the latter argue about the dangers of substances.

As a result, it has been proven that high doses of antioxidants can lead to the protection of cancer cells from free radicals. Here are the supporting studies:

experiments on rodents have shown that antioxidants increase the risk of malignant melanoma spreading to different parts of the body;

trials conducted in 1994 confirmed that daily use of beta-carotene increased the likelihood of lung cancer by 18% in male smokers;

in 1996, studies had to be terminated early when a high risk of lung cancer was found with retinol and beta-carotene. The probability was increased to 28%, changes were seen in people who worked with asbestos and in smokers;

in 2011 conducted research among 35,000 older men. According to the results, it was found that large doses of vitamin E increase the risk of prostate tumors by 17%.

Based on the data provided, antioxidants can prevent cell damage and prevent the development of cancer. But in the presence of a tumor process, substances can activate the reproduction of cancer cells. So when thinking about protecting yourself from free radicals, be aware of the risks of consuming antioxidants.

Myths about antioxidants

There are several common myths that go along with substances that fight free radicals. Consider some myths about antioxidants.

There are not enough antioxidants in food. The best source of this component are nuts, fresh vegetables and fruits. They contain the optimal amount of antioxidants for the human body. This applies only to wholesome meals, not to snacking on a banana once a week.

Dietary supplements are the best alternative to natural antioxidants. With a lack of vitamins, a person begins to run to the pharmacy and buy unnecessary drugs. Dietary supplements are prescribed for those who urgently need to solve a problem, and the body is unable to cope with it on its own. Such a remedy is ineffective with regular consumption of junk food and lack of physical activity.

Natural antioxidants are best replaced with synthetic ones. It is better to give preference to natural ingredients found in food. Often in the manufacture of drugs, manufacturers save on useful substances. But there is no doubt about the quality of nuts or fresh carrots.

Antioxidants are found only in fruits and vegetables. This is one of the main myths. The main source of substances is indeed fresh vegetables and fruits. A large amount of antioxidants is also found in other foods. It's cocoa, red wine green tea etc.

Oxidants are the enemy for the human body. It is not the substance that causes harm, but their excess. In normal volume, they help the body fight bacteria and viruses.

The label says fortified with antioxidants. Such an inscription does not always indicate the enrichment of products with substances useful for the body. The composition should include ascorbic acid, vitamin E, selenium or beta-carotene.

There is another myth that all antioxidants have the same effect. Any molecule that protects cells from an oxidizing agent is this useful substance. Today, over 8,000 different compounds have been registered. Each of them performs its function under certain conditions.

Antioxidants are substances that help the body's cells stay healthy. Free radicals have the ability to destroy the molecules of the body, causing the development of many diseases. Today, antioxidants can be found in foods, dietary supplements, and cosmetics. Giving up bad habits, an active lifestyle and daily consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables will help maintain health and beauty for a long time.