These seemingly unpretentious trees also get sick. Needles turn yellow - the most common disease to which these forest beauties are exposed. There are several explanations for this fact, and all negative reasons should be eliminated.
Causes of yellowing needles in conifers
In coniferous trees, sometimes yellowing of the needles or even their complete drying can occur. Why do needles turn yellow in the tree and how to help the tree?
Firstly, one of the reasons for the yellowing of needles in conifers may be cold. In some coniferous plants, the branches may turn yellow in winter. For example, such plants include microbiota, juniper common varieties "Plumosa" and "Depressa Aurea", green pseudosougu and other plants. But this is not critical, since with the onset of spring the branches will again acquire their green color.
Secondly, the needles may turn yellow even with moderate frosts. And all because not all coniferous plants are frost-resistant. For example, these include the following conifers - dull cypress, Virginian juniper, green and oriental pseudo-snow, Lawson's cypress, melted gigantic. If you want to grow these plants in the middle lane, you should always take into account the peculiarities of their care in winter and know if you need to cover them for this period.
Also often needles turn yellow in spruce under the influence of heat. With a prolonged lack of moisture, the following conifers can dry out - Chinese metasequay, Japanese cypress, pea, marsh, and others. All these plants are afraid of too warm spring, which comes immediately after frost. In the fall, it is necessary to water them abundantly so that they can make a reserve of moisture for a long period.
With a shortage of minerals, needles can also become yellow. This is especially true of the lack of magnesium when feeding coniferous plants. Therefore, such a selection of mineral fertilizers is necessary, which contains all the necessary minerals and could exclude the yellowing of the needles.
The Christmas tree needles turn yellow and under the influence of pests and diseases. Therefore, yellowing needles need to be carefully examined and paid attention to whether plaque, stains or any pests exist on them. If necessary, the plants should be treated with appropriate preparations.
Canine urine is also destructive for coniferous crops. The marks left by these animals lead to the drying of the branches that need to be cut, and the plant itself, if possible, to protect against such attacks.
Norm…
In some conifers, the coloration changes in winter (the needles turn brown, a golden hue appears), the needles partially fall down. This is a normal seasonal phenomenon. The needles of different plants are kept on a bush or tree from three to eight years. Then the old needles with the onset of cooling fall. "Losses" are more noticeable in the depths of the crown, where there is less light. The pine trees, cypress and thuja needles that have fallen down gradually accumulate. Therefore, the crown, especially the fork of the branches, must be cleaned from such clusters. The easiest way is to wash off the dead needles with a strong jet of water from a hose (on low trees, you can remove the hand in a thick glove).
TIP: If there is no suspicion that the tree is sick or suffering from pests, it is better to leave fallen needles under it. It accumulates, mulching the earth and rotting. At the same time, a suitable acid-base balance of the soil is maintained.
... or disease
Sometimes a change in needle color is a symptom of the disease. Problem trees do not restore their typical color in the spring, in which case they need urgent help. What reasons can cause yellowing and abscission of needles? 1. Fungal diseases. In this case, the crown of conifers is sprayed with Kartotsid (according to the instructions) or 1% Bordeaux liquid (several times with an interval of two weeks until complete recovery). Also suitable drugs are Fundazol, HOM, Oxy-Hom, Ordan or Commander (according to the instructions).
2. Aphids. Early-spring sprays of Carbofos help to destroy the pest. In the middle of summer - Aktellik or Rogor-S (according to the instructions).
3. Improper planting of the tree (excessive deepening). It is bad if the groundwater comes close to the soil surface.
4. Fasting plants. Looking to feed a balanced complex fertilizer for conifers with magnesium.
5. Prolonged drought or waterlogging. In the case of overmoistening, water has to be diverted, and sometimes the young plant is transplanted.
6. The sun. Seedlings of many species of conifers should be planted in partial shade or shade young trees from the burning rays of the sun. Do not like coniferous and frequent smoke. Therefore, it is not necessary to burn the garden waste next to them. After smoke, it is desirable to pour a coniferous crown with water from a hose.
Below are other entries on the topic "Cottage and garden - do it yourself"
The main cause of yellowing needles in spruce
Planting an adult spruce in a pot, the plant begins to adapt to new conditions. The tree gives new shoots, and on the old needles turn yellow. This is a natural biological process, which will soon cease. Alert should systematic yellowing of the needles.
Problems ate and how to get rid of them
The yellowish color of the needles on young plants in a pot indicates that:
1. Incorrect planting ate in the pot. Deverev has so little room for development, so until you have transplanted it into the ground, stop over-feeding it with various fertilizers. Only after transplanting spruce into the ground must fungicides be used. Buying a seedling in a pot, spruce can acquire a fungal infection. During the winter period or while the needles in the pot are found, the fungus will not manifest itself. But in the spring, the total drying of the tree will begin. In this case, use biofungicide, which is an excellent prevention against fungal diseases.
2. Unsuitable conditions for favorable habitat. Spruce is very demanding on the quality of the soil, even if it temporarily lives in a pot. It does not tolerate excessive dryness and excess moisture as well. Due to the lack of phosphorus and iron, conifer leaves become dull-reddish. Before transplanting a tree into the ground, provide it with a comfortable environment for development: do not overdry the soil and do not feed it during the rest period.
3. If, however, a fungal infection has occurred, it is necessary to use the services of a pathologist, who will determine the type of pest and save your spruce from a stem fungus or beetle. Funds from such pests do not go on sale.
How to determine firsthand the disease ate:
- The bark has an unhealthy bright red color
- On the crust formed resin drips
- Tree shoots young shoots
4. The defeat of spruce soil-inhabiting fungi. Spruce resistant to infections. But with improper care or maintenance conditions, the immunity of the tree is reduced. Infection with soil fungi leads to the death of the roots of young spruce. Affected roots change their color. Nutrient supply access is closed, needles of needles turn yellow, fall off and the tree dries out. Stop this disease can only be in the early stages, when the tree is still in the pot. Preventive spraying of the tree with biologics, as well as the introduction of immunostimulants will correct the situation.
5. Coniferous trees are most adversely affected by dog urine, so if you have pets, make sure that the spruce pot does not become their favorite place.
A healthy fir tree will give you the feeling of an eternal holiday, will delight with its fresh and attractive look.
It rarely happens that the cottager’s guilt is not in this case - as a rule, the site owner himself has made mistakes for which the plants are paying the price.
Why conifer yellow in spring
Take a look at the list of such erroneous events and tick the items that correspond to your actions:
- When planting, a large amount (more than 30-50 g) of mineral fertilizers was added to the planting hole, and the roots were in contact with the granules in the soil.
- After planting, regular watering of plants was not ensured during the season (“planted, watered and forgotten”).
- The podzimny irrigation recharge irrigation (before the onset of frost), which would ensure good turgor (needles), was not carried out vital for conifers.
- There was not sufficient shading of needles for the winter. The fact is that in February or early spring the sun causes the needles to evaporate moisture, and the roots in frozen ground are not able to provide this moisture. Plants simply "burn", not being able to protect themselves from bright rays.
- Last season and spring treatments of plants from diseases and pests of needles were not carried out.
What to do if the plants have already turned yellow
If we are talking about small patches of yellow needles in late February and early March, it is still quite possible to protect the trees with pritenochnye materials.
In no case should not wrap the plants with lutrasil (spanbond) completely. The material itself weakly retains the sun, while the needles continue to actively evaporate moisture, and the “cocoon” of lutrasil creates a greenhouse effect inside, leading to decay, fading and, eventually, yellowing of the needles. Often under the lutrasil the plant turns yellow more than the uncovered.
To effectively protect individual plants from the sun, use burlap and special pritenochnye nets, allowing the needles to avoid bright rays and give it aired.
By the way, completely eliminate the use of lutrasil not worth it. From it you can build beautiful screens that are slightly pritenyat plants, but do not accumulate moisture.
The easiest option is to throw a cloth on the tree only on the south side and fix it in this position with a string or ordinary stationery staples straight along the branches. The result - the plant is shaded, but well ventilated.
If the needles turned yellow in April-May
Well, most often this phenomenon is completely reversible and fixable. You should not immediately cut the twigs with yellowed needles. In some plants, shoots with young needles may re-grow on them (for example, in thuja).
Only in cases where the knots are clearly dried and easily break off with a dry cut, you need to carefully cut them with a hacksaw or cut them with a sheath.
So, how to help the affected conifers?
1. Process for the prevention of plants with a mixture of insecticide and fungicide, because It is difficult for a non-specialist to detect the presence of signs of diseases or pests on a plant.
To do this, add 10 ml of Topaz and 20 ml of Aktellik to 10 liters of water (if you do not find Actellic on sale, you can replace it with Aktara or Fufanon). In the same tank mix, be sure to add a vial of Zircon, this is an excellent stimulant that will help the plants recover.
2. Water the plants liberally, especially if you assume that you have gone too far with mineral fertilizers when planting. After washing the soil, water the conifers once more, adding 1 ampoule of Zircon to the water. In this case, it is used as a correlator.
3. Do not make any dressings either under the root or through the needles, until new shoots appear.
4. In the morning, in the evening or on cloudy days, spray the crown with plain water.
5. One week after the first treatment, spray the plants with a solution of Epin-Extra (2 ml per 10 l of water). This is an excellent anti-stress drug that will help the needles to recover.
If you have very alkaline water (gives a lot of scale), then add 1 tsp to the bucket of water before diluting Epina. vinegar (drug Epin collapses when alkaline). Spray in cloudy weather or in the morning and evening, 2 times a month until the plant is fully restored.
6. Instead of Epina, you can use another adaptogen - the drug HB-101, this solution is sprayed and watered at the root once a week. Use 2 times a month to complete the restoration of the tree.
7. As soon as the plant is invigorated and new shoots appear, in May you can feed it using special fertilizers for conifers. It is better to give preference to liquid and granular preparations with a long duration of validity (POKON, AVA).
8. Regularly water and spray conifers, especially young specimens, and do not continue to make mistakes before preparing them for the winter.
If you bought a coniferous plant at an exhibition or in a store and noticed that its needles turn yellow, or you have a pine or a thuja growing in the open ground for a long time, but at one point you notice that from one particular side or the whole crown begins to turn yellow, we offer you 5 main reasons, and probably the only ones, from which the needles of conifers turn yellow. The main thing is to react in time to save the plant. Some causes are not lethal, while others can severely damage the ephedra and have to “puff” over it.
The first reason is why the needles turn yellow. The most common reason is the lack of watering. The store has hvoyniki in pots, containers, their needles are green ... And they can rarely be watered by inexperienced sellers, the needles do not fade, and the green is worth it! Remember, so long is your Christmas tree or pine, that is, by its appearance it is not quite possible to understand whether it has enough water or not.
They pereshil in the store earthen room, then remembered, watered. But the small roots, which absorb moisture more and faster, are dead. And so that they need the industry to help the plant fertilizer or growth accelerator, periodically watered in time.
Therefore, when you buy a conifer in a store or in a nursery, then rather be guided by the seller’s conscience rather than the appearance of the soil. Even if it is watered, it may mean that it was watered only today, and the coniferous plant stood dry for a week. And when you bring home an ephedra, after a week, his needles may turn yellow.
It is best of course to know in advance the quality of the firm or seller, it may be necessary, if the store or nursery is not far from you, to periodically visit and observe the plants, how they are looked after. Conifer in pots photo:
If you have bought such a “underfilled” plant, and the needles have already started to turn yellow at home, then if you want to plant the plant in open ground, we advise you not to plant such sufferers in dry sandy soil, especially calcareous, with a shallow fertile layer. They will be sick for a long time. In this case, you need to specially prepare a pit for planting, so that there is enough fertile soil in it, and you need to plant it together with a lump, so as not to tear apart the weak roots.
The second reason why the needles turn yellow. This is an inappropriate late landing. As they say, "the grease of the fryer killed." If you planted a conifer late in the fall and he didn’t manage to take root, take root, that is, winter soon came, frost, the soil froze, then the needles of the coniferous plant will turn yellow, as the roots do not absorb moisture, sleep, and the needles continue to evaporate moisture. Yes, coniferous plants in winter, especially on clear days, evaporate moisture from the needles. As a result, the plant is dehydrated, the needles turn yellow and fall.
To save the plant:
1. - cover it from frost and sun;
2. - Clear snow around the conifer so that it forms a side around the trunk and at least every other day water the ephedro by sufficiently warm water (60 degrees). Water, when absorbed into the cold ground, will take the desired temperature. A side of the snow, too, will create a protective zone, so that drafts do not freeze more soil. Planting conifers in late autumn photo:
The third reason why the needles turn yellow. Sunburn Most often in winter and early spring, when the snow has not yet melted, the sun's rays, reflected from white snow, create more illumination near the plant, almost 2 times more intense. Therefore, the needles turn yellow and fall off. After all, there is little moisture in the soil, and the needles begin to evaporate water reserves more and more from solar lighting. Of course, it is not necessary to water the conifers all winter.
Of course, it is advisable to water at least once a month. But coniferous plants will save shelter from the sun. You can cover with thick paper, burlap, special covering material, which can now be bought at any garden store, or with the same coniferous tree branches. Sunburn of coniferous photos:
The fourth reason is why the needles turn yellow. Fungi, that is, fungal diseases can cause yellowing and dropping of needles. These are mushrooms that most often cause coniferous diseases such as various types of schütte and various rust. Fungi can appear from improper care of plants, frequent plantings, in which there are no blown places, constant shadow. For conifers conduct prophylactic treatment, as fungi can be everywhere in the soil and air. For prophylaxis, spraying with basezol (10 gr. Per 10 liters of water with an interval of 10 days) is suitable.
If the needles have already turned yellow and you have not identified any other reasons, so most likely that this is the fault of the fungi, then treat the conifers with biologics - Fitosporin - M, Alirin, Gamair. These biopreparations struggle with fungi, but in order to strengthen the immunity of the plant itself, then treat the conifers with Zircon and Epin - extras. Rust needles:
The fifth reason why the needles turn yellow. Coniferous plants have enough pests that love to spoil the appearance of plants, and even lead to death. For example, thuja aphid or aphis fir sitkinskaya. Most often, aphids attack thujas, Sitha pines, prickly and Serbian pines.
Substitute a white sheet under the branch, and knock on the branch on top with a hand. If dark “kozyavochki” fell on a sheet, then your horse-tails are “eaten” by aphids. You can get rid of aphids on hvoynik if you often spray plants with potash, strong infusion of garlic, wormwood or other herbs.
All the same, not chemistry ...
Aphids on needles photo:
Another pest of coniferous plants can be a moth - nun, more precisely the voracious caterpillars of a dirty - white, gray color. If you have a few conifers and you notice the caterpillars perfectly, then most of them can be collected and destroyed, but note that these caterpillars strike the needles so that the branches remain bare. Therefore, it is better to spray the ephedra with Bitoxibacillin or other drugs Decis, Karate.
Also, your coniferous plants can spoil the spider mite and spruce moth. When the leafworm strikes the plants, the needles turn yellow, a rather noticeable cobweb appears and small needle-caterpillars are visible inside.
We put on gloves, carefully cover the branch with our hands and, as it were, weave a cobweb from them in the direction of the growth of needles. You can povorushit, shake the twigs. Then we process the plants with colloidal sulfur, a strong infusion of dandelion or garlic.
If the branches are severely affected, then we treat them with a solution of liquid soap, so that insects stick and choke, and then we remove these branches. If you have a lot of conifers and all started to eat pests together, then we advise you not to waste time, but to use chemical insecticides, in this case you will definitely save your plants.
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